Cytoplasmic Permeation Pathway of Neurotransmitter Transporters
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Neurotransmitter Transporters
Neurotransmitters are released into the extracellular space during synaptic transmission. The actions of these chemical signals are terminated through active uptake by transporters that are located in the plasma membrane of neurons and glial cells. Transporters harness electrochemical gradients to force the movement of transmitter back into cells against its concentration gradient. These protei...
متن کاملThe cytoplasmic substrate permeation pathway of serotonin transporter.
Serotonin transporter (SERT) catalyzes reuptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) and is a target for antidepressant drugs and psychostimulants. It is a member of a large family of neurotransmitter and amino acid transporters. A recent study using site-directed cysteine modification identified a helical region of the transporter with high accessibility to the cytoplasm. Subsequently, the...
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Uptake of neurotransmitters involves multiple transporters acting in different brain locations under different physiological conditions. The vesicular transporters are driven by a proton-motive force generated by a V-ATPase and their substrates are taken up via proton/substrate exchange. The plasma membrane transporters are driven by an electrochemical gradient of sodium generated by a Na+/K(+)...
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However, the conducting properties of transporters go well beyond this simple picture (Sonders and Amara, Division of Biology California Institute of Technology 1996). For example, the 5-HT transporter is not electro-genic; yet it displays at least four distinct conducting Pasadena, California 91125 states (Mager et al., 1994). Three of these states are permeable to Na ϩ ions, and the other to ...
متن کاملSodium-coupled neurotransmitter transporters.
Sodium-coupled neurotransmitter transporters are located in the plasma membranes of neurons and glia, where they are present at high density in those areas of the cell membrane that face the synapse (Figure 1). They serve to keep the extracellular neurotransmitter concentrations sufficiently low, so that the postsynaptic receptors are able to detect signaling by the presynaptic nerve cell in th...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Biochemistry
سال: 2011
ISSN: 0006-2960,1520-4995
DOI: 10.1021/bi200926b